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This research explores the ways in which age, race, and political identity shape public perceptions of the Migrant Protection Protocols, commonly referred to as the Remain in Mexico policy, across the Trump and Biden administrations. The research evaluates how various social groups understand the purpose and fairness of this policy and their assessments of its humanitarian effects and how they compare the two administrations' approaches. Immigration stands as a fundamental and contentious matter in the United States so research about how different social groups evaluate one policy helps explain the political and social divisions that affect public opinion. The research design combines quantitative and qualitative methods together. The research combines official government reports with nonpartisan research and human rights documentation through an online survey that received responses from thirty one participants representing diverse demographic groups. The survey assessed participants' understanding of the policy and their opinions about safety levels and effectiveness and their assessments of humanitarian effects. The research team used age and race and political identity to identify recurring patterns between different groups. The research results demonstrate that people evaluate the Migrant Protection Protocols through distinct perspectives. The survey results showed that migrants faced harm and safety risks according to respondents who were under thirty years old and Hispanic or Latino, and Democratic Party supporters. The survey results showed that older participants and Republican respondents supported the policy as an essential border control measure. The participants shared a common understanding that Central American migration stems from violence and poverty and limited job prospects, while they saw Trump's approach as a strict deterrence and Biden's approach as humanitarian, although not always successful. |
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| Title: | Public opinion and the Migrant Protection Protocols: How age, race, and political identity shape evaluations of the Trump and Biden administrations |
| Creators: | Pereira Martinez, Lester Joseph |
| Date: | 11 December 2025 |
| Page Range: | pp. 1-25 |
| Event Title: | Feria de Investigación |
| Event Location: | Keiser University Latin American Campus. San Marcos |
| Event Dates: | 25 de noviembre de 2025 |
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Subjects: | Political Science [J] > Political institutions (United States) [JK] Political Science [J] > Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration [JV] > Emigration and immigration. International . migration. United States [JV6403] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | migrant protection protocols, public perception, political identity, immigration policy, demographics. protocolos de protección a migrantes, percepción pública, identidad política, política migratoria, demografía. |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Feb 2026 22:38 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Feb 2026 22:38 |
| URI: | https://kurepository.keiseruniversity.edu.ni/id/eprint/39 |
| Contact: | Keiser University Latin American Campus |






